Cyberspace
Imagined
by the science fiction author William Gibson in his book Neuromancer (1983),
the concept of "cyberspace" is now used to describe all digital
infrastructures, technologies and services around the world, the main one: the
Internet.
It also has
a strong geopolitical dimension. For some states, cyberspace has become a space
of confrontation in its own right for armies, like other spaces such as land,
sea or air.
From a more
technical point of view, "cyberspace" is often represented in the
form of layers.
A "semantic" layer
All the
information, content generated, stored, shared: photos, videos, emails, etc.
A "software" layer
Operating
systems that allow users to access the functionality of a computer or phone, as
well as all software such as mobile applications.
A "material" layer
Submarine
and terrestrial cables, The Internet but also all connected equipment (servers,
computers, phones, tablets, etc.).